Enabling Efficient Client Selection in FL-as-a-Service for Multi-Application based Society 5.0

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The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the generation of vast amounts of data from sensors, prompting the need for advanced learning models to analyze this data for personalized services. Federated learning (FL) emerges as a solution, offering decentralized learning that preserves user privacy by building models on local devices and sharing only aggregated insights. This paper explores FL-as-a-service (FLaaS) in IoT, highlighting its potential for collaborative learning across applications while addressing challenges like security, privacy, and optimizing hierarchical architectures for efficient model convergence and accuracy. To enhance the effectiveness of FL in IoT environments, this study focuses on selecting optimal nodes for model processing through the evaluation of parameters such as delay, energy consumption, and link status. The proposed method aims to identify suitable client nodes for model training. Performance evaluation is conducted using a Human Activity Recognition dataset under simulated IoT network conditions. The proposed approach is compared against randomized and Q-learning based client selection strategies. Experimental results shows improvements in delay and energy efficiency while maintaining communication performance. The findings highlight the potential of efficient client selection mechanisms for enhancing FLaaS in dynamic IoT ecosystems and supporting future intelligent services in Society 5.0.