SkillFM: Generating Skills for LLM Agents via Latent Flow Matching

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Textual skills provide reusable guidance for large language model agents, but existing approaches often rely on manually curated skill banks or reinforcement learning with indirect and delayed feedback. We introduce SkillFM (Skill Flow Matching), a generative framework that synthesizes task-conditioned textual skills directly without test-time skill retrieval. Our framework combines a codec for encoding and reconstructing textual skills in a continuous latent space with a conditional flow model trained using improved MeanFlow. At inference time, the learned velocity field enables single-step latent sampling, and an LLM-based decoder converts the sampled representation into textual guidance for a frozen downstream agent. We evaluate the framework on embodied tasks, question answering, and web shopping. On ALFWorld and Search-QA, our method achieves the best overall performance among the compared vector-based skill approaches. Our analyses further demonstrate that latent skill generation is an effective alternative to retrieval-based skill augmentation. Our code and training skill libraries are available at https://github.com/lulushang999/SkillFM.