A Position Paper on Recommender Systems in the Era of Autonomous Agents

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For decades, recommender systems have been optimized to serve human users. However, the rapid deployment of autonomous agents introduces a paradigm shift: recommendation consumers are predicted to be increasingly a mixture of humans and authorized agents acting on their behalf. This position paper reviews insights from prior human-centric RecSys research and outlines the transition to this hybrid environment. In our discussion, we treat agents as independent, user-aligned assistants that act as end-users of recommender systems, rather than platform-built components. We characterize the resulting tripartite interactions among humans, agents, and platforms, highlighting the dynamics that can arise across these relationships. This shift presents new opportunities for RecSys research, while introducing unique challenges for evaluation, alignment, and system design.